Feastday: January 25
Birth: 978
Death: 1048
Benedictine abbot and one of the foremost monastic leaders of his time. Born in Flanders, Poppo at first led a worldly life, joining the military and refusing an arranged marriage. After a pilgrimage to Rome and Jerusalem, he came back a changed person and entered the Benedictines at St. Thierry, Reims, in 1006. Transferred to Saint Vannes, he assisted the abbot, Blessed Richard, in restoring monastic discipline. He was named provost of St. Vaast, Arras, and Beaulieu, and then abbot of Stavelot Malmedy. The latter post was granted to him by Emperor St. Henry II, who considered Poppo to be one of his most trusted advisors. As abbot, Poppo was the head of a community of monasteries in which he labored to revive discipline and the spiritual perfections.
Saint Poppo (Deinze, 977 – Marchiennes, 25 January 1048) was a knight of noble descent who turned to a monastic life after experiencing a spiritual conversion. He became one of the best known abbots of Stavelot and was one of the first recorded Flemish pilgrims to the Holy Land. Liturgically, he is commemorated on the 25th of January.
Biography
The Vita Popponis, the biography of Poppo, was written shortly after his death by the monk Onulf and the abbot Everhelm of the Abbey of Hautmont. According to this source, Poppo belonged to a noble family of Flanders; his parents being Tizekinus and Adalwif. Around the year 1000, he made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land with two companions. Soon after this he also went to Rome. He was about to marry a lady of noble family, when a flame suddenly burst came out of the sky late at night and kept his lance radiating. Poppo believed this to be an illumination of the Holy Spirit, and soon after, he decided to enter the monastery of Saint Thierry at Rheims in 1005.
Around 1008, Abbot Richard of Saint Vannes at Verdun, a reformer of monasteries, took Poppo to his monastery. Richard made Poppo prior of St. Vaast in Arras, in the Diocese of Cambrai, at around 1013. This job consisted of reclaiming the monastery's lands from vassals and securing the possession of the monastery by deeds. Sometime before 1016, he was appointed to the same position at Vasloges (Beloacum, Beaulieu) in the Diocese of Verdun.
In 1020, the German emperor Henry II appointed Poppo Abbot of the Abbeys of Stavelot and Malmedy (in Lower Lorraine, now Belgium). In 1023, Poppo also received the Abbey of St. Maximin at Trier.
Poppo became even more important during the reign of Conrad II. From St. Maximin, the Cluniac reform now found its way into the German monasteries. The emperor placed several imperial monasteries under Poppo's control or supervision, such as Limburg an der Hardt, Echternach, St. Gislen, Weissenburg, St. Gall, Hersfeld, Waulsort, Hautmont and Hastières. Soon after Poppo transferred these positions to his pupils and family members, the bishops and laymen who had founded these monasteries placed a series of other monasteries under his care, including St. Laurence at Liège, St. Vincent at Metz, St. Eucharius at Trier, Hohorst, Brauweiler, St. Vaast and Marchiennes. However, the reform of Richard of Saint-Vanne had no permanent success in the German Empire.
Poppo practiced the most severe asceticism. He had no interest in literary affairs, lacked management capacities, and was not prominent in politics. During the reign of Henry III he lost influence. Poppo died while staying at the Abbey of Marchiennes and was buried in the Abbey of Stavelot.
Notes
- ^ Uta-Renate Blumenthal (1991), The Investiture Controversy, ISBN 978-0-8122-1386-7, pages 42–3
- ^ Timothy Reuter et al (2000), The New Cambridge Medieval History, ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8, page 182
