Feastday: September 25
Birth: 1013
Death: 1054
Herman was born a cripple in Altshausen, Swabia. He was so terribly deformed he was almost helpless. He was placed in Reichenau Abbey in Lake Constance Switzerland, in 1020 when he was seven and spent all his life there. He was professed at twenty, became known to scholars all over Europe for his keen mind, wrote the hymns Salve Regina and Alma Redemptoris mater to Our Lady, poetry, a universal chronicle, and a mathematical treatise. He died at Reichenau on September 21 and is sometimes called Herman Contractus.
Relics of Hermann in Altshausen, Germany
Salve Regina of Herman de Reichenau sung by Les Petits Chanteurs de Passy
Blessed Hermann of Reichenau (July 18, 1013 – September 24, 1054), also known by other names, was an 11th-century Benedictine monk and scholar. He composed works on history, music theory, mathematics, and astronomy, as well as many hymns. He has traditionally been credited with the composition of "Salve Regina", "Veni Sancte Spiritus", and "Alma Redemptoris Mater", although these attributions are sometimes questioned. His cultus and beatification were confirmed by the Roman Catholic Church in 1863.
Names
Hermann's name is sometimes anglicized as Herman or latinized as Hermannus; it sometimes also appears in the older form Heriman. He is sometimes distinguished as Hermann of Vöhringen (Latin: Hermannus de Voringen; German: Hermann von Vöhringen) from his birthplace. He is better known as Hermann of Reichenau (Latin: Hermannus Augiensis; German: Hermann von Reichenau) from the location of his monastery on Reichenau Island (Latin: Augia) in Lake Constance. He was traditionally distinguished in Latin as Hermannus Contractus (French: Hermann Contract), which appears in English as "Hermann the Lame" (German: Hermann der Lahme) or "Hermann the Cripple" (French: Hermann le Contrefait).
Life
Hermann was a son of the Count of Altshausen. He was disabled due to a paralytic disease from early childhood. He was born July 18, 1013, with a cleft palate and cerebral palsy and is said to have had spina bifida. Based on the evidence, however, more recent scholarship indicates Hermann possibly had either amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or spinal muscular atrophy. As a result, he had great difficulty moving and could hardly speak. At seven, he was placed in a Benedictine monastery by his parents who could no longer look after him.
He grew up in the Abbey of Reichenau, an island on Lake Constance in Germany. He learned from the monks and developing a keen interest in both theology and the world around him. At twenty, Hermann entered their order as a Benedictine monk, becoming literate in several languages (including Arabic, Greek and Latin) and contributing to all four arts of the quadrivium.
He wrote about history, mathematics, astronomy, and Christianity. He wrote a treatise on the science of music, several works on geometry and arithmetics, and astronomical treatises including instructions for the construction of an astrolabe which caused him to sometimes be credited as its inventor. As a historian, he wrote a detailed chronicle from the birth of Christ to his own present day, ordering them after the reckoning of the Christian era. It was later extended by his pupil Berthold of Reichenau.
He was renowned as a religious poet and musical composer. Among his surviving works are officia for St. Afra and St. Wolfgang. When he went blind in later life, he began writing hymns. He was famous enough that he appears to have been credited with compositions by later writers; among the works traditionally attributed to him are the Salve Regina ("Hail Queen"), Veni Sancte Spiritus ("Come Holy Spirit"), and Alma Redemptoris Mater ("Nourishing Mother of the Redeemer").
Herman died on Reichenau on September 24, 1054, aged 41. The Roman Catholic Church beatified him in 1863.
Legacy and influence
Three of five symphonies that were written by Russian composer Galina Ustvolskaya are based on his texts.
