Medieval technologies for the restoration of Notre Dame Cathedral
16 November 2020
The spire, clock and roof of the twelfth century of the Parisian cathedral of Notre Dame were completely lost in a fire on April 15 last year. Today, perhaps the most famous of the French churches is being restored. During the restoration of the grandiose house of prayer, specialists largely use the same technologies that were used in its construction. Плотники продемонстрировали навыки своих средневековых коллег на площади перед собором Нотр-Дам в Париже How exactly this happens was recently demonstrated to Parisians as part of the European Heritage Days, when thousands of people who visited the square in front of the cathedral were able to see with their own eyes the same methods that the architects used eight hundred years ago. Топоры, тесала, блоки и лебёдки для воссоздания трехтонной фермы из дерева Axes and adzes, hammers and winches are almost all the tools that are used to gradually recreate the structure of the French oak roof frame, element by element. Interestingly, the trees themselves were also cut by hand. Trunks were sawn and triangular frames were hammered out of planks, too, in the old fashioned way. They raise the finished frames to the roof using ropes, levers and blocks. In total, to recreate the roof frame, it is necessary to raise and install 25 such frames weighing three tons each. Объем реставрационных работ, который предсоит выполнить специалистам в соборе Нотр-Дам, колоссален The work, which the Parisians could observe for several days, will continue for more than one year. The decision to recreate the roof of Notre Dame in accordance with medieval technology was approved by an interdisciplinary team of experts set up to manage the ongoing work. Реставрация собора Нотр-Дам The Committee for the Restoration of the Historical Cathedral also considers this approach to be correct. The Chairman of the Committee, General Jean-Louis Georgelin, former Chief of the General Staff of the French Armed Forces, says: “We made the right choice by deciding to restore joinery from French oak, from which they were originally made. This demonstrates the method by which we will rebuild the framework, farm by farm. ' Хотя стены устояли в пожаре, часть каменных элементов, поддерживавших кровлю, всё же была повреждена огнём и требует замены It will be appropriate to recall here that the discussion about what the restored cathedral should be like lasted more than a year. At the same time, the most heated debate unfolded around the roof. A variety of projects were submitted to the announced competition. The authors of a number of them proposed to recreate the roof in its original form, but with the help of modern materials - for example, with the installation of fire-resistant concrete trusses (this is exactly what was done during the restoration of the cathedral in Nantes, which was damaged in a fire in 1972). There were also completely extravagant concepts like creating an outdoor pool on the roof of the cathedral. However, in the end, in the middle of this summer, preference was given to the decision to preserve the historical appearance of the cathedral using the same technologies that were used by its builders, who erected the building from the twelfth to the fourteenth century. width = '400' alt = 'Finding a stone used by medieval French architects is much more difficult today than a tree' src = '/ upload / medialibrary / 121 / 121408e4fb1c08a44ef947c482157e0d.jpg' height = '267' title = 'Finding a stone used by medieval French architects, today is much more complicated than wood 'align =' left '> Oddly enough, despite the seeming complexity of the work, the installation of French oak trusses in the base of the cathedral nave roof does not raise many questions from specialists. “The Notre Dame problem is not a carpentry problem. We have a tree. We know what to do. The big problem is with the stone, ”says Philippe Gourmain, woodworking expert who is involved in the rescue of the historic temple. The fact is that although the walls of the building resisted, some of the stone structures that supported the roof were still damaged by the fire. And finding a similar stone now, centuries later, is much more difficult than finding a French oak, which still grows in large quantities in the country. which is still observed in many European countries 'align =' left '> The scope of work to be carried out by the restorers of the cathedral is truly colossal. Experts speak with great caution about the timing of this or that part of the restoration of the building. Meanwhile, Emmanuel Macron is still in the past year announced his intention that Notre Dame should be fully restored by 2024, when the Olympic Games will be held in Paris. “I want the restoration to be completed in five years, and that is within our power,” the French president said. Macron is convinced that the restored Notre Dame will be even more beautiful than it was before the fire.
Medieval technologies for the restoration of Notre Dame CathedralMedieval technologies for the restoration of Notre Dame Cathedral The spire, clock and roof of the twelfth century of the Parisian cathedral of Notre Dame were completely lost in a fire on April 15 last year. Today, perhaps the most famous of the French churches is being restored. During the restoration of the grandiose house of prayer, specialists largely use the same technologies that were used in its construction. Плотники продемонстрировали навыки своих средневековых коллег на площади перед собором Нотр-Дам в Париже How exactly this happens was recently demonstrated to Parisians as part of the European Heritage Days, when thousands of people who visited the square in front of the cathedral were able to see with their own eyes the same methods that the architects used eight hundred years ago. Топоры, тесала, блоки и лебёдки для воссоздания трехтонной фермы из дерева Axes and adzes, hammers and winches are almost all the tools that are used to gradually recreate the structure of the French oak roof frame, element by element. Interestingly, the trees themselves were also cut by hand. Trunks were sawn and triangular frames were hammered out of planks, too, in the old fashioned way. They raise the finished frames to the roof using ropes, levers and blocks. In total, to recreate the roof frame, it is necessary to raise and install 25 such frames weighing three tons each. Объем реставрационных работ, который предсоит выполнить специалистам в соборе Нотр-Дам, колоссален The work, which the Parisians could observe for several days, will continue for more than one year. The decision to recreate the roof of Notre Dame in accordance with medieval technology was approved by an interdisciplinary team of experts set up to manage the ongoing work. Реставрация собора Нотр-Дам The Committee for the Restoration of the Historical Cathedral also considers this approach to be correct. The Chairman of the Committee, General Jean-Louis Georgelin, former Chief of the General Staff of the French Armed Forces, says: “We made the right choice by deciding to restore joinery from French oak, from which they were originally made. This demonstrates the method by which we will rebuild the framework, farm by farm. ' Хотя стены устояли в пожаре, часть каменных элементов, поддерживавших кровлю, всё же была повреждена огнём и требует замены It will be appropriate to recall here that the discussion about what the restored cathedral should be like lasted more than a year. At the same time, the most heated debate unfolded around the roof. A variety of projects were submitted to the announced competition. The authors of a number of them proposed to recreate the roof in its original form, but with the help of modern materials - for example, with the installation of fire-resistant concrete trusses (this is exactly what was done during the restoration of the cathedral in Nantes, which was damaged in a fire in 1972). There were also completely extravagant concepts like creating an outdoor pool on the roof of the cathedral. However, in the end, in the middle of this summer, preference was given to the decision to preserve the historical appearance of the cathedral using the same technologies that were used by its builders, who erected the building from the twelfth to the fourteenth century. width = '400' alt = 'Finding a stone used by medieval French architects is much more difficult today than a tree' src = '/ upload / medialibrary / 121 / 121408e4fb1c08a44ef947c482157e0d.jpg' height = '267' title = 'Finding a stone used by medieval French architects, today is much more complicated than wood 'align =' left '> Oddly enough, despite the seeming complexity of the work, the installation of French oak trusses in the base of the cathedral nave roof does not raise many questions from specialists. “The Notre Dame problem is not a carpentry problem. We have a tree. We know what to do. The big problem is with the stone, ”says Philippe Gourmain, woodworking expert who is involved in the rescue of the historic temple. The fact is that although the walls of the building resisted, some of the stone structures that supported the roof were still damaged by the fire. And finding a similar stone now, centuries later, is much more difficult than finding a French oak, which still grows in large quantities in the country. which is still observed in many European countries 'align =' left '> The scope of work to be carried out by the restorers of the cathedral is truly colossal. Experts speak with great caution about the timing of this or that part of the restoration of the building. Meanwhile, Emmanuel Macron is still in the past year announced his intention that Notre Dame should be fully restored by 2024, when the Olympic Games will be held in Paris. “I want the restoration to be completed in five years, and that is within our power,” the French president said. Macron is convinced that the restored Notre Dame will be even more beautiful than it was before the fire.Свеча Иерусалима -en
The spire, clock and roof of the twelfth century of the Parisian cathedral of Notre Dame were completely lost in a fire on April 15 last year. Today, perhaps the most famous of the French churches is being restored. During the restoration of the grandiose house of prayer, specialists largely use the same technologies that were used in its construction. Плотники продемонстрировали навыки своих средневековых коллег на площади перед собором Нотр-Дам в Париже How exactly this happens was recently demonstrated to Parisians as part of the European Heritage Days, when thousands of people who visited the square in front of the cathedral were able to see with their own eyes the same methods that the architects used eight hundred years ago. Топоры, тесала, блоки и лебёдки для воссоздания трехтонной фермы из дерева Axes and adzes, hammers and winches are almost all the tools that are used to gradually recreate the structure of the French oak roof frame, element by element. Interestingly, the trees themselves were also cut by hand. Trunks were sawn and triangular frames were hammered out of planks, too, in the old fashioned way. They raise the finished frames to the roof using ropes, levers and blocks. In total, to recreate the roof frame, it is necessary to raise and install 25 such frames weighing three tons each. Объем реставрационных работ, который предсоит выполнить специалистам в соборе Нотр-Дам, колоссален The work, which the Parisians could observe for several days, will continue for more than one year. The decision to recreate the roof of Notre Dame in accordance with medieval technology was approved by an interdisciplinary team of experts set up to manage the ongoing work. Реставрация собора Нотр-Дам The Committee for the Restoration of the Historical Cathedral also considers this approach to be correct. The Chairman of the Committee, General Jean-Louis Georgelin, former Chief of the General Staff of the French Armed Forces, says: “We made the right choice by deciding to restore joinery from French oak, from which they were originally made. This demonstrates the method by which we will rebuild the framework, farm by farm. ' Хотя стены устояли в пожаре, часть каменных элементов, поддерживавших кровлю, всё же была повреждена огнём и требует замены It will be appropriate to recall here that the discussion about what the restored cathedral should be like lasted more than a year. At the same time, the most heated debate unfolded around the roof. A variety of projects were submitted to the announced competition. The authors of a number of them proposed to recreate the roof in its original form, but with the help of modern materials - for example, with the installation of fire-resistant concrete trusses (this is exactly what was done during the restoration of the cathedral in Nantes, which was damaged in a fire in 1972). There were also completely extravagant concepts like creating an outdoor pool on the roof of the cathedral. However, in the end, in the middle of this summer, preference was given to the decision to preserve the historical appearance of the cathedral using the same technologies that were used by its builders, who erected the building from the twelfth to the fourteenth century. width = '400' alt = 'Finding a stone used by medieval French architects is much more difficult today than a tree' src = '/ upload / medialibrary / 121 / 121408e4fb1c08a44ef947c482157e0d.jpg' height = '267' title = 'Finding a stone used by medieval French architects, today is much more complicated than wood 'align =' left '> Oddly enough, despite the seeming complexity of the work, the installation of French oak trusses in the base of the cathedral nave roof does not raise many questions from specialists. “The Notre Dame problem is not a carpentry problem. We have a tree. We know what to do. The big problem is with the stone, ”says Philippe Gourmain, woodworking expert who is involved in the rescue of the historic temple. The fact is that although the walls of the building resisted, some of the stone structures that supported the roof were still damaged by the fire. And finding a similar stone now, centuries later, is much more difficult than finding a French oak, which still grows in large quantities in the country. which is still observed in many European countries 'align =' left '> The scope of work to be carried out by the restorers of the cathedral is truly colossal. Experts speak with great caution about the timing of this or that part of the restoration of the building. Meanwhile, Emmanuel Macron is still in the past year announced his intention that Notre Dame should be fully restored by 2024, when the Olympic Games will be held in Paris. “I want the restoration to be completed in five years, and that is within our power,” the French president said. Macron is convinced that the restored Notre Dame will be even more beautiful than it was before the fire.
